Darul Uloom Deoband
Established 1866
Type Islamic University
Chancellor Majlis Shura
Vice-Chancellor Maulana Marghoobur Rahman
Location Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, India
The Darul Uloom Deoband (Hindi: दारुल उलूम देवबन्द, Urdu: دارالعلوم دیوبند) is an Islamic school propagating Sunni Islam in India and is where the Deobandi Islamic movement was started. It is located at Deoband, a town in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded in 1866 by several prominent Islamic scholars (ulema), headed by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. The other prominent founding scholars were Maulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and Haji Syed Abid Hussain. The institution is highly respected across the India, as well as in other parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Other scholars at the Darul Uloom Deoband had opposed the establishment of a state established along sectarian lines, particularly the demands of Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Muslim League for the Partition of British India into Muslim and non-Muslim sections[1][2] Maulana Husain Ahmad Madani was one of the scholars who opposed the idea of Pakistan. He was also Sheikh-ul-Hadeeth (Chief of Hadeeth department) of Darul Uloom Deoband and led the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, an organization of the ulema, that saw nothing Islamic in the idea of Pakistan. He said: "All should endeavour jointly for such a democratic government in which Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and Parsis are included. Such a freedom is in accordance with Islam." The school, even though it advocates an orthodox version of Islam, has repeatedly distanced itself from religious militancy.
Contents
1 Background
2 Pattern of education
3 Impact of the Deoband School
4 India's Independence Movement
5 Alumni scholars
6 Recent developments
7 Condemnation of terrorism
8 Publications
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Background
In 1857, the British East India Company put down with a heavy hand the independence movement begun by disparate north Indian forces, conducted in the name of the otherwise powerless Bahadur Shah Zafar Gurakani. Emperor Zafar became the last Mughal Emperor, for he was deposed the following year and exiled to Burma, with many of his sons put to death. This marked a seminal moment for Indo-Islamic consciousness, specifically for the established Muslim elites of north India, who tended to view the defeat of 1857 as the end of their political pre-eminence and the beginning of what could be a dark period of Muslim history in India.
In this situation, a group of learned theologians, led by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi, established the Darul Uloom Seminary in the town of Deoband, in order to preserve Indo-Islamic culture and train the youth in Islamic knowledge. The foundation of Darul Uloom Deoband was laid down in 1283 A.H. (21st of May 1866 A.D.) beneath a pomegranate tree. Nanautawi claimed he had been inspired to do so by a dream in which the Prophet Mohammed spoke to him.[3] The pedagogical philosophy of Deoband was focused on teaching revealed Islamic sciences, known as manqūlāt, to the Indian Muslim population, according to the Hanafi tradition. In this seminary, Nanautawi instituted modern methods of learning: Teaching in classrooms, a fixed and carefully selected curriculum, lectures by different faculties recognised as leaders in their fields, exam periods, merit prizes, a publishing press and so on. The faculty instructed its students primarily in Urdu, the lingua franca of the urbanised section of the region, and supplemented it with study of Arabic (for theological reasons) and Persian (for cultural and literary reasons. In due course, it also unwittingly cemented the growing association of the Urdu language with the north Indian Muslim community. The founders consciously decided to divorce the seminary from political or governmental participation. Instead, it was to run as an autonomous institution, supported by voluntary financial contributions from the Muslims at large.
Its over 15,000 graduates have gone on to found many similar madrassas (schools) across South Asia and further afield; the followers of this school of theology are often described as followers of the Deobandi school of thought.
Pattern of education
Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islamic syllabus known as Dars-e-Nizami. The core curriculum teaches Islamic law (Shariah), Islamic jurispridence (Fiqh), traditional Islamic spirituality (known as Tasawwuf, which is the focus of Sufism), as well as several other fields of Islamic study.
The current syllabus consists of four stages. The first three stages can be completed in a total of eight years. The final stage is a post-graduate stage where students specialize in a number of advanced topics, such as the sciences of Hadeeth, Fiqh and so on.
Impact of the Deoband School
Many Islamic schools throughout modern India, Bangladesh and Pakistan - and more recently in Afghanistan, the United Kingdom, South Africa - as well as in hundreds of other places throughout the world are affiliated, or theologically linked, to Darul Uloom Deoband. Famous seminaries have been established by its graduates, e.g. Nadwatul Ulama in Lucknow, Madrassah In'aamiyyah Camperdown, near Durban in South Africa, and three important seminaries in Pakistan, viz. Darul Uloom Karachi, Jamia Ashrafia Lahore, and Jamia Zia-ul-Quran (Al-maroof bagh-wali masjid), Faisalabad. As the official website of the Darul Uloom proclaims in flowery language, 'the whole of Asia is redolent with the aroma of this Prophetic garden.'
India's Independence Movement
In the meeting of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind at Calcutta, in 1926, the participants included graduates of Darul Uloom, Deoband and they supported the group which called for complete independence of India from the British rule. Indian National Congress was to declare complete independence as its goal three years later, in its session at Lahore.
The famous freedom fighter Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, who visited Darul Uloom during his visit to India in 1969, had said: "I have had relation with Darul Uloom since the time the Shaikh-ul-Hind, Maulana Mehmud Hasan, was alive. Sitting here, we used to make plans for the independence movement, as to how we might drive away the English from this country and how we could make India free from the yoke of slavery of the British Raj. This institution has made great efforts for the freedom of this country".
Alumni scholars
The Deoband school of Islamic Sciences has produced a large number of notable scholars. Among the most famous are:
Recent developments
The Darul Uloom has expanded its activities and started new departments during the last decades. In view of great challenge from the Ahmadiyya Movement (Qadiyanism), Darul Uloom convened the All India Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference and established a special department to refute Qadiyanism. It started the 'Shaikhul Hind Academy' for publishing books, and training students in Urdu journalism. In 1996, the Computer Department was opened, which was later extended and an Internet Department also added. The Darul Uloom has also introduced a two-year full-time Diploma in English language and literature for students wishing to pursue higher education in universities.
Condemnation of terrorism
In February 2008, an "Anti-terrorism Conference", organized by the seminary Darul Uloom in Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, denounced all forms of terrorism, declaring that "Islam prohibits the killing of innocent people" and "Islam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism". The conference also denounced widespread attempts to blame religious Muslims for terrorist incidents.[9]
Publications
The following Journals and Magazines are being published under the aegis of Darul Uloom Deoband and its alumni.
Al-Daie (Arabic Monthly); Eds: Maulana Marghoobur Rahman and Maulana Noor Alam Khalil Amini
Mahnama Darul Uloom (Urdu Monthly); Eds: Maulana Marghoobur Rahman and Maulana Habibur Rahman Qasmi
Aaiena Darul Uloom (Urdu Fortnighly); Ed: Maulana Kafil Ahmad Alwi
Eastern Crescent (English Magazine).
General ideology Islamism · Pan-Islamism · Wahabbism ·
Organisations Deobandi · Darul Uloom Deoband · All India Khilafat Committee · Khaksars · Jamaat-e-Islami · Jamaat-e-Islami Hind · Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh · Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind · Tablighi Jamaat · Students Islamic Organisation of India · Students Islamic Movement of India · Jamaat ul-Fuqra · Islami Jamiat-e-Talaba · Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir · Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal · Tanzeem-e-Islami · Islami Jatiya Oikya Front · Islami Oikya Jote · Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan · Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam · Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan · Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir · Taliban · National Development Front · Jamiat Ahle Hadith · Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham · Girls Islamic Organisation of India · Jamaat-e-Islami Hind · Popular Front of India · Peoples Democratic Party (India)
Leaders Ahmad Sirhindi · Maulana Mehmud Hasan · Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi · Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar · Maulana Shaukat Ali · Muhammad Iqbal · Allama Mashriqi · Abul Ala Maududi · Maulana Shah Ahmad Noorani · Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq · Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman · Ghulam Azam · Matiur Rahman Nizami · Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Hussain Najafi · Grand Ayatollah Bashir Hussain Najafi · Tahir-ul-Qadri · Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi · Muhammad Taqi Usmani · Jalaluddin Umri · Israr Ahmed · Javed Ahmad Ghamidi · Qazi Hussain Ahmad · Allama Arif Hussain Hussaini · Delwar Hossain Sayidee · Yusuf Islahi
Events and controversies Khilafat Movement · Anti-Ahmadiyya riots · Zia-ul-Haq's Islamization · Hudood ordinance · Shah Bano case · 1995 Pakistani coup d'état attempt · Hasba bill · Blasphemy Law · 2010 hand chopping incident in Kerala · Love Jihad
·
References
1.^ ISLAMIC PAKISTAN: ILLUSIONS & REALITY, by Abdus Sattar Ghazali.
2.^ A History of Pakistan and Its Origins By Christophe Jaffrelot, Gillian Beaumont, page: 224, ISBN 1-84331-149-6.
3.^ Knowledge - An odyssey - The Historic Journey http://www.inter-islam.org/Pastevents/Jknowledge.html
4.^ The System Of Education
5.^ Mawlana Ashraf Ali Thanwi, Shariat and Tasawwuf pg. 11, 112, 113
6.^ In'aamiyyah Madrassah In'aamiyyah
7.^ http://www.ashrafia.org.pk/index.html
8.^ http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Darul Uloom Deoband
9.^ Muslim clerics declare terror "un-Islamic" Times of India Feb. 25, 2008
[edit] External links
Official website of Darul Uloom Deoband
Darul Uloom Deoband Blog
Darul Ifta website of Darul Uloom Deoband
Sunni News
Indian Muslim News and Views
Deobandi Islam
"Traditionalist" Islamic Activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs
"Darul Uloom, Deoband issues anti-terrorism fatwa
Darul Ishaat UK - House Of Propagation - Online Islamic Store
Ulema's progressive stand on Yoga, terrorism, other issues needs to be praised
Online Books By Ulema of Deoband
Radd-e-Batilah
Deobandi Ulema's movement for freedom of India
Online Islamic Fatawa
Online Islamic Study
Established 1866
Type Islamic University
Chancellor Majlis Shura
Vice-Chancellor Maulana Marghoobur Rahman
Location Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, India
The Darul Uloom Deoband (Hindi: दारुल उलूम देवबन्द, Urdu: دارالعلوم دیوبند) is an Islamic school propagating Sunni Islam in India and is where the Deobandi Islamic movement was started. It is located at Deoband, a town in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded in 1866 by several prominent Islamic scholars (ulema), headed by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. The other prominent founding scholars were Maulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and Haji Syed Abid Hussain. The institution is highly respected across the India, as well as in other parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Other scholars at the Darul Uloom Deoband had opposed the establishment of a state established along sectarian lines, particularly the demands of Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Muslim League for the Partition of British India into Muslim and non-Muslim sections[1][2] Maulana Husain Ahmad Madani was one of the scholars who opposed the idea of Pakistan. He was also Sheikh-ul-Hadeeth (Chief of Hadeeth department) of Darul Uloom Deoband and led the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, an organization of the ulema, that saw nothing Islamic in the idea of Pakistan. He said: "All should endeavour jointly for such a democratic government in which Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and Parsis are included. Such a freedom is in accordance with Islam." The school, even though it advocates an orthodox version of Islam, has repeatedly distanced itself from religious militancy.
Contents
1 Background
2 Pattern of education
3 Impact of the Deoband School
4 India's Independence Movement
5 Alumni scholars
6 Recent developments
7 Condemnation of terrorism
8 Publications
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Background
In 1857, the British East India Company put down with a heavy hand the independence movement begun by disparate north Indian forces, conducted in the name of the otherwise powerless Bahadur Shah Zafar Gurakani. Emperor Zafar became the last Mughal Emperor, for he was deposed the following year and exiled to Burma, with many of his sons put to death. This marked a seminal moment for Indo-Islamic consciousness, specifically for the established Muslim elites of north India, who tended to view the defeat of 1857 as the end of their political pre-eminence and the beginning of what could be a dark period of Muslim history in India.
In this situation, a group of learned theologians, led by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi, established the Darul Uloom Seminary in the town of Deoband, in order to preserve Indo-Islamic culture and train the youth in Islamic knowledge. The foundation of Darul Uloom Deoband was laid down in 1283 A.H. (21st of May 1866 A.D.) beneath a pomegranate tree. Nanautawi claimed he had been inspired to do so by a dream in which the Prophet Mohammed spoke to him.[3] The pedagogical philosophy of Deoband was focused on teaching revealed Islamic sciences, known as manqūlāt, to the Indian Muslim population, according to the Hanafi tradition. In this seminary, Nanautawi instituted modern methods of learning: Teaching in classrooms, a fixed and carefully selected curriculum, lectures by different faculties recognised as leaders in their fields, exam periods, merit prizes, a publishing press and so on. The faculty instructed its students primarily in Urdu, the lingua franca of the urbanised section of the region, and supplemented it with study of Arabic (for theological reasons) and Persian (for cultural and literary reasons. In due course, it also unwittingly cemented the growing association of the Urdu language with the north Indian Muslim community. The founders consciously decided to divorce the seminary from political or governmental participation. Instead, it was to run as an autonomous institution, supported by voluntary financial contributions from the Muslims at large.
Its over 15,000 graduates have gone on to found many similar madrassas (schools) across South Asia and further afield; the followers of this school of theology are often described as followers of the Deobandi school of thought.
Pattern of education
Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islamic syllabus known as Dars-e-Nizami. The core curriculum teaches Islamic law (Shariah), Islamic jurispridence (Fiqh), traditional Islamic spirituality (known as Tasawwuf, which is the focus of Sufism), as well as several other fields of Islamic study.
The current syllabus consists of four stages. The first three stages can be completed in a total of eight years. The final stage is a post-graduate stage where students specialize in a number of advanced topics, such as the sciences of Hadeeth, Fiqh and so on.
Impact of the Deoband School
Many Islamic schools throughout modern India, Bangladesh and Pakistan - and more recently in Afghanistan, the United Kingdom, South Africa - as well as in hundreds of other places throughout the world are affiliated, or theologically linked, to Darul Uloom Deoband. Famous seminaries have been established by its graduates, e.g. Nadwatul Ulama in Lucknow, Madrassah In'aamiyyah Camperdown, near Durban in South Africa, and three important seminaries in Pakistan, viz. Darul Uloom Karachi, Jamia Ashrafia Lahore, and Jamia Zia-ul-Quran (Al-maroof bagh-wali masjid), Faisalabad. As the official website of the Darul Uloom proclaims in flowery language, 'the whole of Asia is redolent with the aroma of this Prophetic garden.'
India's Independence Movement
In the meeting of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind at Calcutta, in 1926, the participants included graduates of Darul Uloom, Deoband and they supported the group which called for complete independence of India from the British rule. Indian National Congress was to declare complete independence as its goal three years later, in its session at Lahore.
The famous freedom fighter Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, who visited Darul Uloom during his visit to India in 1969, had said: "I have had relation with Darul Uloom since the time the Shaikh-ul-Hind, Maulana Mehmud Hasan, was alive. Sitting here, we used to make plans for the independence movement, as to how we might drive away the English from this country and how we could make India free from the yoke of slavery of the British Raj. This institution has made great efforts for the freedom of this country".
Alumni scholars
The Deoband school of Islamic Sciences has produced a large number of notable scholars. Among the most famous are:
Abdul Latif Khalid Cheema, head of Darul Uloom Khatme Nabuwwat (a
Deobandi institution) Chichawatni
Maulana Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Allamah and Hadith scholar famous for
his photographic memory and former Shaikhul Hadith of Darul Uloom Deoband
Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi, Sufi sheikh with wide influence and
erudite scholar, renowned for his Quran exegesis, Bayanul Quran, and the book
on Jurisprudence for women, Bahishti Zewar
Badrul Hasan Al Qasmi, Imam, Khatib and scholar of Islamic
Jurisprudence at Kuwait
Ghulam Murshid, former honorary Khateeb at Badshahi
Mosque, Lahore for more than five decades
Gulam Rabbani Qasmi, Co-founder of Darul Uloom SabeelusSalam,
Hyderabad and Imam at Masjid Amirah, Hyderabad, India
Habib-ur-Rehman Ludhianvi, the famous Ahrari leader
Husain Ahmed Madani, former Shaikhul Hadith of Darul Uloom,
Deoband and long-time leader of Jamiat Ulama e Hind
Mahmood Hasan Deobandi, Shaikhul Hind and the first student of
Darul Uloom, Deoband and Leader of the anti-Colonial Silk Movement of
India
Minnatullah Rahmani, former General Secretary of All India Muslim
Personal Law Board and Chancellor of Jamiah Rahmaniyah, Munger, Bihar
Muhammad Ilyas Kandhalawi, founder of the most widely popular
international Islamic movement of Tablighi Jama’at
Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (former Chief Minister
of Kelantan State, Malaysia)
Qari Muhammad Tayyab Hakimul Islam and former Chancellor of
Darul Uloom, Deoband
Qazi Mujahidul Islam Al Qasmi, founder of Islamic Fiqh Academy,
India
Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Shaikhul Islam and former Member,
Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
Syed Abuzar Bukhari
Syed Ataullah Shah Bukhari, former president of
All-India Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam
Syed Ata-ul-Mohsin Bukhari
Syed Ata-ul-Muhaimin Bukhari
Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi
Mufti Kifayatullah Dehlawi
Mufti Ahmed Hussain Mujahid, Shaikhul Hadith from Darul Uloom
Deband, Shaikhul Hadith of Qasimul Uloom Multan, Pakistan
Recent developments
The Darul Uloom has expanded its activities and started new departments during the last decades. In view of great challenge from the Ahmadiyya Movement (Qadiyanism), Darul Uloom convened the All India Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference and established a special department to refute Qadiyanism. It started the 'Shaikhul Hind Academy' for publishing books, and training students in Urdu journalism. In 1996, the Computer Department was opened, which was later extended and an Internet Department also added. The Darul Uloom has also introduced a two-year full-time Diploma in English language and literature for students wishing to pursue higher education in universities.
Condemnation of terrorism
In February 2008, an "Anti-terrorism Conference", organized by the seminary Darul Uloom in Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, denounced all forms of terrorism, declaring that "Islam prohibits the killing of innocent people" and "Islam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism". The conference also denounced widespread attempts to blame religious Muslims for terrorist incidents.[9]
Publications
The following Journals and Magazines are being published under the aegis of Darul Uloom Deoband and its alumni.
Al-Daie (Arabic Monthly); Eds: Maulana Marghoobur Rahman and Maulana Noor Alam Khalil Amini
Mahnama Darul Uloom (Urdu Monthly); Eds: Maulana Marghoobur Rahman and Maulana Habibur Rahman Qasmi
Aaiena Darul Uloom (Urdu Fortnighly); Ed: Maulana Kafil Ahmad Alwi
Eastern Crescent (English Magazine).
General ideology Islamism · Pan-Islamism · Wahabbism ·
Organisations Deobandi · Darul Uloom Deoband · All India Khilafat Committee · Khaksars · Jamaat-e-Islami · Jamaat-e-Islami Hind · Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh · Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind · Tablighi Jamaat · Students Islamic Organisation of India · Students Islamic Movement of India · Jamaat ul-Fuqra · Islami Jamiat-e-Talaba · Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir · Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal · Tanzeem-e-Islami · Islami Jatiya Oikya Front · Islami Oikya Jote · Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan · Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam · Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan · Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir · Taliban · National Development Front · Jamiat Ahle Hadith · Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham · Girls Islamic Organisation of India · Jamaat-e-Islami Hind · Popular Front of India · Peoples Democratic Party (India)
Leaders Ahmad Sirhindi · Maulana Mehmud Hasan · Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi · Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar · Maulana Shaukat Ali · Muhammad Iqbal · Allama Mashriqi · Abul Ala Maududi · Maulana Shah Ahmad Noorani · Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq · Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman · Ghulam Azam · Matiur Rahman Nizami · Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Hussain Najafi · Grand Ayatollah Bashir Hussain Najafi · Tahir-ul-Qadri · Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi · Muhammad Taqi Usmani · Jalaluddin Umri · Israr Ahmed · Javed Ahmad Ghamidi · Qazi Hussain Ahmad · Allama Arif Hussain Hussaini · Delwar Hossain Sayidee · Yusuf Islahi
Events and controversies Khilafat Movement · Anti-Ahmadiyya riots · Zia-ul-Haq's Islamization · Hudood ordinance · Shah Bano case · 1995 Pakistani coup d'état attempt · Hasba bill · Blasphemy Law · 2010 hand chopping incident in Kerala · Love Jihad
·
References
1.^ ISLAMIC PAKISTAN: ILLUSIONS & REALITY, by Abdus Sattar Ghazali.
2.^ A History of Pakistan and Its Origins By Christophe Jaffrelot, Gillian Beaumont, page: 224, ISBN 1-84331-149-6.
3.^ Knowledge - An odyssey - The Historic Journey http://www.inter-islam.org/Pastevents/Jknowledge.html
4.^ The System Of Education
5.^ Mawlana Ashraf Ali Thanwi, Shariat and Tasawwuf pg. 11, 112, 113
6.^ In'aamiyyah Madrassah In'aamiyyah
7.^ http://www.ashrafia.org.pk/index.html
8.^ http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Darul Uloom Deoband
9.^ Muslim clerics declare terror "un-Islamic" Times of India Feb. 25, 2008
[edit] External links
Official website of Darul Uloom Deoband
Darul Uloom Deoband Blog
Darul Ifta website of Darul Uloom Deoband
Sunni News
Indian Muslim News and Views
Deobandi Islam
"Traditionalist" Islamic Activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs
"Darul Uloom, Deoband issues anti-terrorism fatwa
Darul Ishaat UK - House Of Propagation - Online Islamic Store
Ulema's progressive stand on Yoga, terrorism, other issues needs to be praised
Online Books By Ulema of Deoband
Radd-e-Batilah
Deobandi Ulema's movement for freedom of India
Online Islamic Fatawa
Online Islamic Study
assalamualaikum...you are student in darul ulum deabond? i want know information about student in islamic education.how can i find student in there?
ReplyDeletesyahidashaadan bhai jaan may Darul uloom may nahi parhta lekin aap nay agar information laini hay to google par search kar lay un ki website say ziadah information mil sakti hay
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